Spindle motor type
Several different types of spindle motors are available. You can find AC, servo, brushless and water-cooled spindles. Depending on your application, you can choose SMP 0.2 or SMP u. For cost sensitive applications, SMP u motors can be used.
servo motor
Servo motor for spindle motion is a common and effective solution for spindle driven machinery. These motors use an encoder to detect the relative position of the motor rotor. The encoder can detect the position of the rotor by monitoring the speed and rotation of the motor shaft.
The servo motor used for spindle motion is different from the traditional stepping motor in several aspects. Although they use the same principle of rotation, they are very different mechanically. The servo motor transmits electrical pulses through wires wound around the permanent magnet. This creates an electromagnetic field that causes the spindle to rotate at high speed.
Compared with the stepping motor, one advantage of the servo motor is that the servo motor is more accurate. Their resolution is several hundred thousand steps per revolution. This allows them to provide more precise movement, which is particularly important when more axes are added to the center of the machine. On the other hand, the stepping motor may lose step sometimes. The operator will not notice these small errors, but they can be seen on the machined parts.
AC spindle
The AC spindle has a motor to rotate the rotor. These motors are multipolar and can reach speeds of 30000 rpm. They can also be controlled by a single inverter. Traditionally, they need to be oversized to provide sufficient power for rotation. Today, manufacturers are producing them with less power, but that does not mean they sacrifice performance or responsiveness.
When selecting the spindle motor, ensure that the speed is within the required range. The most common rated speed of the AC spindle is 24000 RPM. However, some manufacturers do not specify a minimum speed. This can cause overheating. AC spindle has two main cooling modes: air cooling and water cooling. Both types have a cooling system connected to the spindle. Air cooled spindles tend to run hot at low speeds.
The AC spindle can be high speed or low speed. High speed spindle has precisely matched bearings and elastic or rigid preload structure, allowing high-speed rotation and achieving the best cutting effect. In addition, the high-speed spindle is made of high-precision parts, which can be controlled in real time during processing. The AC spindle with low speed option is designed for low noise operation.
Brushless spindle amplifier
The traditional brushless spindle amplifier must provide enough voltage and current to meet the requirements of maximum speed and low-speed torque. This may result in the motor using three to fifteen times the power required. In order to overcome these challenges, Parvex researchers have studied more efficient motor design and new control methods. They determined that it was possible to reduce the magnetic flux generated by the motor without sacrificing performance or cost.
The brushless spindle amplifier has a wide range of functions. They can be used for precise positioning and alignment of wafers, masks and other surfaces. They can be used for one, two, or three axes. The brushless servo amplifier also has a wide range of operating modes, including position, speed and torque control.
Single phase H-bridge and dual independent half bridge output types are available. In single-phase drive mode, these amplifiers can provide full rail to rail bipolar bus voltage to the load. In dual mode, the amplifier can provide half of the full rail to rail bipolar bus voltage. In both cases, the sum of the wattage requirements of two independent loads must be within the limits of each amplifier module.
Water-cooled spindle
The water-cooled spindle motor shall operate at low speed. It should not overheat. It also does not require a long startup time. The connection between motor and spindle must be accurate. The insulation shall be higher than 10 megohms. The water flow shall be 3-5 L/min.
In order to prolong the service life of water-cooled spindle motor, you should ensure that the cooling water is clean and fresh. You can check this by checking the spindle temperature. If the temperature is too high or too low, it may be because the cooling water does not enter the spindle motor. In addition, the cooling water should be replaced regularly.
Secondly, ensure that VFD is compatible with the spindle motor. If you are not sure how to connect the wires, you should hire a professional electrician. Always ensure that the ground pin is connected.
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